Plant tissue culture techniques are the foremost frequently used biotechnological tools for basic and applied purposes starting from investigation on plant developmental processes, functional gene studies, commercial plant micropropagation, generation of transgenic plants with specific industrial and agronomical traits, plant breeding and crop improvement, virus elimination from infected materials to render high-quality healthy material , preservation and conservation of germplasm of vegetative propagated plant crops, and rescue of threatened or endangered plant species. Additionally, plant cell and organ cultures are of interest for the assembly of secondary metabolites of commercial and pharmaceutical interest. New technologies, like the genome editing ones combined with tissue culture and Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection, are currently promising alternatives for the highly specific genetic manipulation of ...